Vocabulary concepts 3

adenine: a nitrogen containing base in certain nucleotides.

bacteriophage: category of viruses that affect bacterial cell.



cloning: making an identical copy of DNA of an organism.



cytosine: one of nitrogen containing bases in nucleotide.



DNA: molecule of inheritance

DNA ligase: Enzymes that seal new base pairing during DNA replication



DNA polymerase: enzymes of replication and repair that assembles new DNA or an DNA template

DNA repair: enzymes that fixes small scale alterations a DNA strand





DNA replication: any process were cell duplicates its DNA before dividing

guanine: nitrogen containig base in one of four nucleotide monomers of DNA or RNA

nucleotide: small organic compounds with deoxybirose and phosphate group

phosphate group: contains phosphate, nucleotide ezymes and nucleic acid.

thymine: one of nucleotide in DNA.

x-ray diffraction image: pattern that forms on films exposed x ray that have been directed al molecule

anticodon: series of three nucleotide bases in RNA

base sequence: sequencial order of bases in DNA or RNA strand

base pair sustitution: one amino acid replaced another during protein synthases.

carcinogen: any substances or agent that can trigger cancer

codon: one of 64 possible base tripets inan RNA strand

deletion: loss of a segment from a chromosome





exon: one of base sequence of RNA transcript that will become translated

intron: noncoding portion of a pre-RNA transcript

gene mutation: small scale change in nucleotide sequence of DNA molecule

genetic code: correspondence between one of a few bases into DNA strand

insertion: insertion of one of a few bases into DNA strand

ioning: high energy wavelenght

mRNA: single strand of nibonucleotide transcribed from DNA them to poipeptide chains.

mutation rate: probability that a spontaneous mutation will occur during DNA replication.